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The objective of this paper is the evaluation of dimensional and geometric accuracy and surface to-pography of milled parts from plastic. This evaluation was done on 10 samples from various thermo-plastics made by extrusion and FDM 3D printing. The samples were then milled. One side was milled dry while the other was milled with cutting fluid, which has improved the texture of the result-ing machined surfaces in most cases, for example with printed PLA, where Ra was reduced by 1.8 µm. For determining the dimensional and geometric accuracy, two parameters were chosen, those being distance and parallelism. For evaluating the surface topography, 4 parameters were measured using 2D profile roughness and 3D surface texture. The surface of the prints was greatly improved by machining. The paper ends with practical recommendations for choosing different plastic materials for applications, requiring high dimensional accuracy and low surface roughness.

To enhance the effective penetration of cutting fluid into the depth of the cutting joint, a nano-cutting liquid atomization method has been proposed to improve the cutting quality of diamond wire sawing. A six-inch large diameter silicon wafer (150 mm diameter) diamond wire saw cutting experimental platform was constructed. The base liquid, nano SiO2, and nano SiC cutting liquid were utilized as the cutting fluids, and various cutting solutions were employed to compare the cutting quality of large diameter silicon wafers. The temperature field change, surface roughness of the silicon wafer, surface morphology, and warping of the silicon wafer were measured as evaluation indexes, and the impact law of different cutting solutions on the cutting quality of diamond wire saw was analyzed. The results indicate that nano-cutting fluid can reduce the roughness of silicon wafers and improve the surface morphology of silicon wafers. Mixing multiple nanoparticles can produce cutting fluids that further enhance wire saw cutting performance in actual diamond wire saw cutting technologies.

Aluminium beverage-can are common material for secondary utilization. Their recycling is slightly com-plicated by presence of organic materials in them and lack of collection points (although the legislative in this case is rapidly changing to be more friendly). Another approach to deal with beverage-cans is using them as a source of hydrogen. In this manuscript, the evolution of hydrogen in 10 wt. % NaOH solution is described. The leaching residues were analysed in detail. Their chemical and phase composi-tion were measured, and the amount of trapped hydrogen was also analysed. The beverage-cans are usually composed of 3004 and 5182. The residues after leaching contained beside organic residues oxides and hydroxides in both cases of initial alloys. Surprisingly, the amount of hydrogen in leaching residues is almost negligible.

Optimising the mechanical properties required for biomedical applications is something that porous Ti-6Al-4V structures offer the opportunity to do. Triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structures, such as the Diamond and Gyroid structures, provide interconnected pores that can be used to adjust strength, stiffness and deformation. The mechanical behaviour of these two architectures under compressive and bending loads is compared in this study, with the use of additively manufactured samples. The results demonstrate that pore geometry significantly impacts mechanical behaviour. Diamond structures exhibit higher stiffness and strength, whereas Gyroid structures provide a more isotropic and flexible response. These findings emphasise the importance of architecture when designing implants and other components for which optimised mechanical properties and geometry are essential.

Vehicle Routing Problem is a common problem in logistics, which can simulate in-plant and out-plant material handling. In the article, we demonstrate a Vehicle Routing Problem, which contains period, time window and multiple depots. In this case, customers must be served from several depots. The position of the nodes (depots and customers), the demand and time window of the customers are known in advance. The number and capacity constraint of vehicles are predefined. The vehicles leave from one depot, visit some customers and then return to the depot. The above-described vehicle routing is solved with construction algorithms and Ant Colony algorithms. The Ant Colony algorithms are used to improve random solutions and solutions generated with construction algorithms. According to the test results the Elitist Strategy Ant System and the Rank-Based Version of Ant System algorithms gave the best solutions.

Robotics plays a key role in industry and its use continues to grow. Robots are used in many industries to increase efficiency, productivity, and safety of work processes. This manuscript focuses on the spatial calibration of collaborative robot arms using appropriate statistical tools. Nowadays, there are many special programming languages, simulations or virtual realities (VR), which in most cases perform calibration using matrix relations. The mathematical-statistical solution is not solved very often, and the use of linear relationships is valid only in certain parts of the workspace of the collaborative robot. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate how to find a suitable statistical method that would respect the wear of the arm mechanism in predefined positions based on the requirements of ISO 230-2:2015. Based on these measurements, it is possible to assume that optimal solutions can be obtained using a polynomial regression function. This optimization method will be searched using the Newton and Markwartel methods.

This research focused on the production of brake pads reinforced with bronze fibers to see the anticipated performance principles for braking systems. Three unique amalgamated formulations, labeled BRZ-I, BRZ-II, and BRZ-III, were set by varying the bronze fiber content to 5%, 10%, and 15% by weight. The tribological characteristics of these composites were systematically evaluated to determine their effectiveness. Traditional manufacturing processes were used in developing the brake pad. Various properties such as physical, chemical, mechanical and tribological possessions were assessed by means of chase test rig. Worn-superficial examination stayed carried out by using chase test rig. Base results it was evident that the 10 weight percentages of the bronze fibers showed better physical, chemical, mechanical and tribological properties. Chase test results confirmed that the composite brake pad developed with 10 weight percentages of bronze showed better results at higher pressure-speed conditions than others due to better plateau formation and less wear rate. The results obtained after performing various performances such as physical, chemical, mechanical and tribological properties concluded that the bronze fiber possessed lesser wear and stable coefficient of friction.

An innovative way of using DCPD (Direct Current Potential Drop) method for off-line and online monitoring of critical parts of energy equipment in operation is presented. There are only a few NDT methods that allow detection and monitoring of defect growth in components at high temperatures and pressures. Monitoring of steam pipes and critical pipeline components in operation has been carried out for several years with different results. a relatively new way of using the DCPD method outside the laboratory is described. The carried-out tests were intended to resemble operational loads as much as possible. Therefore, the tests were performed at a temperature of 20 °C and at an increased temperature of 550 °C. By gradually deepening the groove (slot) simulating the crack type defect in predefined steps, the growth of the defect was simulated up to the full wall thickness of the test sample. The primary evaluation was carried out from the absolute and relative values of measured resistance. The disadvantage of these values is their dependence on the temperature of the monitored area of the test sample and on possibly interfering DC voltages.

The study focuses on an evaluation of mechanical properties of the H13 tool steel manufactured by the material extrusion and further comparison with conventionally produced material. Notably, for achieving sufficient surface quality of functional parts further post-processing is required. Thus, a comprehensive investigation, encompassing hardness, ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and yield strength (YS) measurement, microstructure, and machinability was performed. The material extrusion, an increasingly utilized additive manufacturing (AM) technique, offers a viable alternative to the prevalent laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) methods. This method enables a creation of complex geometries using various materials. The investigation revealed that the horizontal orientation of parts yielded the highest mechanical properties, reaching the ultimate tensile strength of approximately 1200 MPa. Additionally, the material exhibited the hardness of 47 HRC in the as-built state. The conventionally produced steel resulted in the higher UTS and YS in comparison to the AM material. The machinability of the as-built material in regard to cutting forces and surface roughness was also evaluated Lower surface roughness was achieved by decreasing feed per tooth. Optically measure material porosity was 6.13 % with maximum pore size 7.43 µm. The primary objective of this research is to optimize the mechanical properties of H13 tool steel post-printing, with a broader aim to apply the gained insights to improve other materials produced by the material extrusion.

Biodegradable zinc-based alloys have recently attracted attention as promising candidates for temporary implant applications due to their favourable corrosion behaviour and biocompatibility. In this study, three materials — pure Zn, Zn–1Mg alloy, and a Zn + Zn–1Mg composite — were fabricated via powder metallurgy and extrusion to evaluate their microstructural characteristics and tensile performance. The composite material was designed to combine ductile Zn regions with a reinforcing Zn–1Mg network, aiming to achieve a balance of strength and ductility. Microstructural analysis revealed coarse-grained Zn regions surrounded by ultrafine-grained Zn–1Mg areas containing Mg₂Zn₁₁ particles, with oxide shells present at the Zn/Zn–1Mg interfaces. Tensile testing showed improvement in mechanical performance compared to the individual constituents. However, the oxide shells prevented effective load transfer between the fine-grained and coarse-grained areas of the microstructure.

The precise setting of the zero point represents a critical factor in non-contact measurement of mechani-cal components, particularly in areas such as the engineering and automotive industries, where high accuracy is key to quality control. This study analyzes the impact of various alignment methods—specifically the best-fit method and the datum method (3–2–1)—on the measurement results of complex geometric shapes. Experimental measurements were conducted using a laser scanner and Polyworks 2015 software. The results indicate that the best-fit method achieves higher accuracy when measuring complex and freely oriented shapes, while the 3–2–1 method provides more consistent results for simply defined geometries. These findings confirm the importance of proper alignment method selection in op-timizing non-contact measurement processes and offer new insights for improving efficiency in industrial quality control.

The thesis deals with the surface treatments of bearing steel processed for wind turbines, on which the quality parameters of the surface treatments performed were compared. This is blackening, which is a method of surface treatment that allows the protection of the base material from the negative effects of external influences, in particular from moisture and associated corrosion. The application of surface treatment by blackening contributes to a better and more efficient start-up of the bearing in service. In the experimental part, the individual results of the structural analysis carried out for all types of materials investigated are evaluated, with the analysis focusing on the structural properties, the quality of the adhesion properties and the influence on the service life of the machine components. Electron microscopy was used to investigate the structural properties of the layer as well as the base material, which allowed to obtain the necessary data to meet the objectives of this work.

To design an engine intake system that complies with FSC racing regulations while achieving enhanced operational stability, this study conducts a comprehensive review of domestic and international research advancements in racing engine intake systems. Through computational fluid dynamics simulations performed in Workbench Fluent, critical structural parameters of the restrictor valve were optimized, resulting in a 12.06% improvement in outlet mass flow rate compared to the baseline design. A three-dimensional parametric model of the racing intake system was developed using Siemens NX platform. Taking the intake plenum chamber as a representative component, this research systematically analyzes the CNC machining process for the mold of the pressure stabilization chamber. The investigation encompasses toolpath generation, cutting simulation verification, and ultimately implements the optimized NC program on machining centers for physical manufacturing. The fabricated mold exhibits high dimensional accuracy and superior surface finish, providing both theoretical guidance and practical manufacturing references for intake system development. This integrated approach combining numerical optimization with advanced manufacturing techniques demonstrates significant potential for performance enhancement in motorsport engineering applications.

The article presents the possibilities of using wavelet transform and fast Fourier analysis (FFT) to evaluate the signal collected during roughness measurement. During the tests, high-density polyeth-ylene was turned using variable cutting parameters. During cutting, the tool feed was changed to ob-tain roughness structures of different types and with varying degrees of anisotropy. The measured roughness profiles were filtered with Daubechies 6 (db6), Morlet and "Mexican Hat" wavelets and examined using Fourier analysis. The research carried out shows how the machining conditions affect the surface condition and the stability of the cutting process under variable machining conditions for high molecular weight polymers. The effectiveness of the continuous wavelet transform (CWT), sup-plemented with data obtained from Fourier analysis, in identifying places and detecting the nature of disturbances in the generated roughness signal is also shown.

Geometric deviations play a crucial role in the quality of additive manufacturing, particularly in parts made with biodegradable resins. Accurately controlling dimensional and geometric variations in manufactured components is critical for achieving defect-free production and meeting functional standards. However, defining a final quality score can be challenging due to numerous dimensional and geometric deviations associated with a part. An innovative metric for evaluating geometric performance was created to measure dimensional precision in components produced through VAT photopolymerization. The index measures the dimensional and geometrical deviations, revealing that external surfaces exhibit greater precision than internal ones. This difference is likely due to internal surfaces overcoming heat dissipation challenges during the cooling process, resulting in less shrinkage for external surfaces. This index is essential in various stages of the manufacturing process, including part design, design for manufacturing and assembly, quality assurance, and process planning, helping to select the appropriate additive manufacturing technology and optimal process parameters.

This study used JMatPro software to comprehensively analyze the new low-iron-loss cold-rolled non-oriented high-grade electrical steel 35W210X, calculating phase composition, Gibbs free energy, stress-strain relationships, and yield strength changes. Results showed its ferritic structure and consistent calculated room-temperature yield strength with experiments. To study production cracks, JMatPro data was used in Deform-3D to simulate the five-pass reciprocating cold rolling on a Sendzimir 20-roll mill, successfully replicating the cracks. Aiming at the problems of frequent cracking and low yield rate (<50%), the study found the original single normalizing annealing process inadequate. Thus, an optimized double annealing process was adopted, controlling cracks and raising the yield rate to over 85%. This research offers theoretical and technological support for rolling high-silicon electrical steels like 35W210X.

Recently, engineering polymers like PMMA have increasingly replaced traditional materials in industry where feasible, with CO2 laser cutting gaining attention for its high quality and speed in processing these materials. Achieving precise cuts is crucial for product accuracy, with kerf width serving as a key quality attribute to ensure quality and functionality of the final product. This study focuses on the im-pact of three critical process variables: stand-off distance, laser power, and cutting speed, on the kerf width in CO2 laser cutting of PMMA. Through a full-factorial experiment, the process parameters are systematically varied to understand their individual and interaction effects on the cutting process. The kerf width is measured as an indicator of precision using an optical microscope to evaluate the quality of the laser cuts. To address the non-linear relationships between these process parameters and kerf width, several machine learning models were utilized. Performance comparisons indicated that the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model provided the highest accuracy, with R² values of 0.98 for the validation dataset and 0.95 for the testing dataset. The optimized ANN model offers a robust tool for parameter optimization, facilitating the determination of optimal settings to achieve the desired kerf width while ensuring productivity.

In this study, the microstructure of surface layers with varying roughness (Ra parameters) was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to optimize tribological properties in engineering design. SEM revealed key microstructural features – sharp and mild protrusions, pitting, microcracks and contaminants – that were not available in traditional profilometry. Reducing the Ra value improved surface uniformity by reducing irregularities and defect lengths, which had a positive effect on tribological properties and surface durability. However, defects were still present even at Ra < 1.25 μm, indicating the "Law of Microstructural Roughness," which emphasizes the inevitability of surface irregularities despite minimizing roughness. The integration of SEM results with profilometric methods enabled comprehensive identification and assessment of defects, combining microstructure with tribological properties. Results suggest that controlled roughness is key in combining materials and optimizing functional surfaces, particularly in the aerospace, biomedical and automotive industries, where reliability under demanding operating conditions is a priority.

To enhance the accuracy of fault diagnosis (FD) in motor rotor systems, this study introduces a novel method that leverages feature extraction (FE) combined with a CNN-BiGRU-Attention deep learning model. Initially, the time-domain features of the vibration signals are extracted using Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD), which also effectively denoises the data. Subsequently, the frequency-domain features of the vibration signals are extracted via Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The aggregated features are then fed into the CNN-BiGRU-Attention model to perform fault classification. In this model, the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) module extracts local spatial features, the Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (BiGRU) module models the temporal dependencies, and the Attention mechanism enhances the focus on critical fault information, thereby improving the model's classification performance. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed FD method achieves an accuracy of 99.58%. Compared to other commonly used models, the performance metrics of our model show significant advantages and superior performance.

Non-destructive stress measurement techniques are extremely important and are still being developed in engineering research and diagnostics of materials. They allow for a quick assessment of their condition without damaging the structure. Their development is crucial for the safety of structures and extending the life of materials. One of the new methods is the measurement of stress using the Barkhausen effect. The MagStress 5d device was used for the tests. In this work, stress measurements were performed using the MagStress 5D device during three-point bending of a steel flat bar. The results were verified using resistance strain gauges and numerical simulation was performed in the Abaqus program. The measurements indicate that the MagStress 5d device using the Barkhausen effect can serve as a complete alternative to traditional extensometers. The results provided by the introduced method showed very good agreement with the latter.

The optimization of process parameters plays a critical role in controlling temperature and velocity fields during centrifugal casting, which is essential for mitigating shrinkage porosity defects caused by uneven cooling in thick walled bearing alloy layers. In this study, two sequential numerical models were devel-oped using ProCAST software to simulate gravity filling and centrifugal solidification stages. The effects of key parameters, including inlet cross-sectional area and centrifugal rotational speed, on flow field characteristics were systematically analyzed. By using an orthogonal experimental design, we deter-mined the optimal parameters: a melt temperature of 440 °C for the Babbitt alloy, an initial temperature of 280 °C for the bearing blank, a filling inlet diameter of 16 mm, and a rotational speed of 340 r/min. Bearing alloy layers manufactured according to these optimized parameters exhibit no evident shrinkage or cracks on their surfaces. The high quality finished products meet the design requirements, thereby validating the accuracy of the numerical simulation.

Tree-like branched Al-Al₂Cu heterogeneous nanostructures with a high surface area ratio were successfully fabricated using magnetron sputtering of Al matrix and Cu nanoparticles, followed by in situ annealing. The method enables precise control over the composition and morphology of the nanosized columnar Al₂Cu phase grown on the substrate and embedded in the Al matrix. The formation of Al₂Cu begins at the initial locations of sputtered Cu nanoparticles. Further annealing promotes their coalescence and coarsening. Orientation relationships examined in several Al₂Cu particles revealed a semi-coherency with the Al matrix. The high surface area and tunable composition highlight the potential of these nanostructures for advanced battery anodes, with tailored geometry achieved through controlled processing conditions.

The polyamide PA6 composites reinforced with carbon fibres (CF) are widely studied due to their properties and their high strength to weight ratio. Good adhesion between a filler and a matrix is es-sential for enhancing properties of a resulting composite. This study investigates the effect of the short CF content and the used CF treatment on mechanical properties of the PA6-CF composites. The composites were subjected to tensile, flexural, compression, hardness and Charpy tests as well as dynamical mechanical analysis. An atomic force microscopy was employed to investigate topography of the CF and the composites. Initially, the properties of the composites were improved through the oxidation of the CF in HNO₃. Subsequently, to further enhance these properties, the oxidized CF were grafted with nano-SiO₂. The CF content in the tested composites varied from 10 wt% to 60 wt%. The most significant improvement of the tested properties was observed at the CF content of 40 wt%.

The present work was aimed at studying the effect of a “Slab/Sheet” thickness ratio (SSTR) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of API 5L X70 steel sheets intended for heavy-wall oil/gas pipelines. The 25 mm-thick and 40 mm-thick steel sheets were rolled from the cast slabs of different thicknesses (250 mm and 300 mm) and their mechanical properties were compared. The sheets were subjected to thermo-mechanical controlled processing followed by accelerating cooling, resulting in the structure of quasi-polygonal/acicular ferrite with minor amounts of granular pearlite and martensite-austenite constituents. Increasing the cast slab thickness significantly improved the ductility and low-temperature impact toughness of steel sheets regardless of their thickness. Specifically, a total elongation increased by 3-6 points (up to 26-28 %); an absorbed impact energy (tested at –20 °C) – in 1.5-1.8 times (up to 300-370 J); the DWTT shear area (at –20 °C) – in 1.6-2.1 times (up to 81-91.7 %). The properties advancement under SSTR increase was associated with an additional refinement of ferrite grains and better homogenization of cast structure under deeper hot deformation.

In order to solve the problem of heterogeneous deformation in the rolling process of 10Ni5CrMoV heavy plate, the effects of uniform temperature rolling (UTR) and graded temperature rolling (GTR) on the microstructure and deformation uniformity of 10Ni5CrMoV steel were studied by means of numerical simulation and verification experiment, and the strengthening mechanism of high permeability rolling process on the rolling deformation of 10Ni5CrMoV heavy steel was clarified. The results show that compared with the uniform temperature rolling process(UTR), different gradient temperature rolling processes (GTR) make the deformation area gradually expand to the core, and the deformation of the core increases significantly. The reduction rate of the first pass gradient temperature rolling processes (FGTR) is about 2.3% higher than that of uniform temperature rolling, and that of continuous gradient temperature rolling (CGTR) is about 5.3% higher than that of uniform temperature rolling. At the same time, the microstructure difference of the core surface is reduced, which is conducive to improving the uniformity of microstructure and properties. At the same time, the microstructure of the core in the rolled is uniformly refined, and the effect is significant.

Fused silica is a key material for high-precision applications such as micro-optics and microfluidics. One route to improving direct laser writing (DLW) of fused silica is the use of shorter laser wavelengths, which enable tighter focusing and enhanced absorption. In this study, the influence of process parameters on surface quality and material removal during DLW using a deep ultraviolet (DUV) ultrafast laser (257 nm, 1 ps) was investigated. A full-factorial design of the experiment was used to identify conditions that optimise both surface quality and ablation efficiency. Surface roughness as low as Sa ≈ 200 nm and material removal rates up to 0.048 mm³∙min-1 were achieved. Conditions that led to surface degradation were also identified. Finally, the optimised parameters were applied to fabricate a microfluidic demonstrator. These results confirm that DUV ultrafast DLW is a powerful technique for fabricating high-fidelity features in fused silica with exceptional precision and quality that can be used for micro-optics or microfluidics devices.

Monitoring and diagnostics of cutting tools are crucial for ensuring production efficiency and product quality in the machining industry. This study uses acoustic emission (AE) to non-invasively detect damage and monitor tool condition in real time. Experiments assessed cutting inserts in a milling head, both used and new. Results showed AE effectively diagnoses tool wear, with significant differences in signals from worn and new inserts. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis determined the frequency range of signals during machining, confirming AE's usefulness. Microscope verification supported the AE findings on tool wear. This research highlights AE's potential in non-destructive diagnostics, enhancing production efficiency and product quality

Externally toothed components have a very crucial and essential role in all areas of production and manufacturing because they function as away of transmitting motion, energy, and power in all indus-trial applications, such asmodes of transportation, aviation, aerospace, equipment, and operating machines like lathes and milling. All machines have a gear box. Therefore, it is receiving increasing attention. This research presents a new multi-stage rotary ballizing technology for producing toothed parts in one stroke. This process has been investigated experimentally. The parameters that were ex-amined experimentally was at the optimal conditions for single stage ballizing were: die rotation speed of 315 rpm; Axial feed rate, 0.13, mm/rev; The interference (cross in-feed) between the balls and the tubular specimen of 5.5 and 6.5 mm is formed by three stages of ball forming of graduated outer diameters and fixed on a single mandrel; Initial tube thickness is 7 and 8 mm. The effect of these parameters on the forming load, filling ratio and quality of the formed part was studied. The finding sindicated that the seideal variables influence the forming load, tooth filling proportion, and product quality. Experimental results proved the success of this novel technique to form toothed tubular components

This study focuses on addressing the challenges faced by individuals with physical disabilities, particu-larly lower body impairments, by developing a stump socket using Reverse Engineering (RE), 3D Printing, and QFD. The integration of these three methods is something new in product design devel-opment, especially prosthetic products. The research adopted a three-step methodology: 3D scanning the stump, obtaining precise measurements, and fabricating a stump socket using fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology. QFD will produce technical requirements (TR) derived from consumer needs and brainstorming with prosthetists. TR will be the basis for developing the socket design in the 3D Scanning phase. The scanning process utilized Polycam, and the 3D models were refined with Meshmixer. The socket was fabricated using PLA+ material to ensure cost efficiency and customiza-bility. Experimental results demonstrated the accuracy and feasibility of the designed prosthetic sock-et, with a layer thickness of 0.2 mm and printing temperatures up to 215°C. The study highlights the potential of RE and 3D Printing to address the unique anthropometric variations of Indonesian users, overcome the limitations of conventional crutches, and reduce production costs compared to imported prostheses. This approach demonstrates a scalable and innovative solution to improve accessibility and quality of life for individuals with physical disabilities while contributing to economic inclusivity.

Hydrogen embrittlement involves the interaction between hydrogen and the microstructure of metals, which can lead to an alarming loss of mechanical properties. For advanced high-strength (AHS) steel S960MC grade, which finds application in fields ranging from heavy machinery to construction, understanding this phenomenon is important. The material's complex crystalline lattice, carefully engineered to maximize strength, becomes vulnerable in the presence of hydrogen. The sources of hydrogen that can lead to embrittlement of steel are various. From the exposure of steel to hydrogen during production processes to the absorption of hydrogen from the environment. After the absorption of hydrogen into the material, hydrogen atoms diffuse in the microstructure and look for places with high stress concentration (cracks, inclusions, grain boundaries, etc.). In these regions, atomic hydrogen disrupts interatomic bonds, weakening the material and making it susceptible to embrittlement and subsequent complete failure of the component. This research is focused on how the change in current density affects the hydrogen embrittlement of AHS steel S960MC during hydrogenation. It was found that the mechanical properties of steel decrease at a lower current density, but not to the same extent as at a higher current density. Thus, it can be said that the change in current density influences the hydrogen embrittlement of S960MC steel.