PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Madaj, Rudolf
AU  - Vereš, Matúš
AU  - Kohár, Róbert
AU  - Weis, Peter
AU  - Šulek, Filip
TI  - Overcoming Rotary Mechanism Limitations in CNC Machines: A 3-PRS Approach
DP  - 2025 Nov 11
TA  - Manufacturing Technology Journal
PG  - 500--510
VI  - 25
IP  - 4
AID - 10.21062/mft.2025.050
IS  - 12132489
AB  - This paper presents the design and analysis of a 3-PRS mechanism for positioning cutting heads in CNC machines, addressing limitations of traditional rotary mechanisms such as hose twisting, wear, and limited modularity. Kinematic and dynamic analyses guided actuator selection and confirmed bearing durability. The mechanism achieves a favourable load-to-weight ratio and integrated Z-axis movement, making it suitable for simpler gantry CNC machines. Though programming is complex due to multiaxis synchronization, the modular design supports easy adaptation to different tools. Future research will focus on reducing the eccentric torch offset and refining dimensions to enhance versatility. The mechanism has strong potential in sectors like automotive, aerospace, and construction.